ABSTRACT
O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o perfil fitoquímico e a atividade antioxidante comparando-se os resultados obtidos entre diferentes órgãos da Costus spicatus. Foram utilizados caules, folhas e flores da Costus spicatus, colhidos na Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, no município de Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ. Os diferentes órgãos foram avaliados quanto ao perfil fitoquímico e atividade antioxidante nas frações hexânica, acetato de etila e butanólica. Os resultados obtidos comprovaram a presença de Triterpenos e Esteróides (Lieberman-Burchard), Flavonóides (Shinoda), Saponinas (Índice de espuma), Alcalóides (Drangendorff) e Taninos (Cloreto Férrico). Foi demonstrada a atividade antioxidante potencial. Concluiu-se que a Costus spicatus apresentou todas as classes de metabólitos pesquisadas, dentre as quais, algumas possuem atividade biológica já conhecida, fazendo-se necessária a realização de estudos quantitativos e pesquisas que demonstrem seus efeitos farmacológicos, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the phytochemical profile and the antioxidant activity comparing the results between different organs of Costus spicatus. We used the stems, leaves and flowers of Costus spicatus harvested at the State University of Norte Fluminense "Darcy Ribeiro" in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The different organs were evaluated for antioxidant activity and phytochemical profile in the hexane, ethyl acetate and butanol fractions. The results obtained proved the presence of triterpenes and steroids (Liebermann-Burchard), flavonoids (Shinoda), saponins (foaming index), alkaloids (Dragendorff) and tannins (ferric chloride). We demonstrated the potential antioxidant activity. We concluded that Costus spicatus presented all classes of metabolites studied, among which some already have their biological activity known by the literature, being necessary the performance of quantitative and research studies that demonstrate their pharmacological effects, thus contributing to the development of new drugs.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/analysis , Costus/metabolism , Plant Components, Aerial , Phytochemicals/analysisABSTRACT
We investigate whether combined treatment with losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, and exercise training (ET) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) would have an additive effect in reducing hypertension and improving baroreflex sensitivity when compared with losartan alone. Male SHR (8 weeks old) were assigned to 3 groups: sedentary placebo (SP, N = 16), sedentary under losartan treatment (SL, N = 11; 10 mg kg-1 day-1, by gavage), and ET under losartan treatment (TL, N = 10). ET was performed on a treadmill 5 days/week for 60 min at 50 percent of peak VO2, for 18 weeks. Blood pressure (BP) was measured with a catheter inserted into the carotid artery, and cardiac output with a microprobe placed around the ascending aorta. The baroreflex control of heart rate was assessed by administering increasing doses of phenylephrine and sodium nitroprusside (iv). Losartan significantly reduced mean BP (178 ± 16 vs 132 ± 12 mmHg) and left ventricular hypertrophy (2.9 ± 0.4 vs 2.5 ± 0.2 mg/g), and significantly increased baroreflex bradycardia and tachycardia sensitivity (1.0 ± 0.3 vs 1.7 ± 0.5 and 2.0 ± 0.7 vs 3.2 ± 1.7 bpm/mmHg, respectively) in SL compared with SP. However, losartan combined with ET had no additional effect on BP, baroreflex sensitivity or left ventricular hypertrophy when compared with losartan alone. In conclusion, losartan attenuates hypertension and improves baroreflex sensitivity in SHR. However, ET has no synergistic effect on BP in established hypertension when combined with losartan, at least at the dosage used in this investigation.